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150 Words10 Marks
Q.Discuss the natural resource potentials of ‘Deccan Trap’.
UPSC Mains 2022•Geography
Model Answer
View this Question In PYQ RealmIntroduction
The Deccan Traps, a massive province of basaltic lava flows in western and central India formed approximately 66 million years ago, cover about 500,000 square kilometers. This geologically unique region possesses immense natural resource potential that has historically driven regional economic development.
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Natural Resource Potentials
- Agricultural Potential: The weathering of basaltic rocks has created fertile black soil (regur), which is highly suited for cultivating cotton and sugarcane.
- Horticultural Potential: The local climate and soil conditions favor viticulture, making regions like Nashik a major hub for grape cultivation and the wine industry.
- Mineral Wealth: The region is rich in bauxite, which is essential for aluminum production and petroleum filtration.
- Iron Ore: The Deccan Traps host some of India's largest iron ore deposits, which have been mined for centuries.
- Strategic Minerals: Recent discoveries indicate the presence of rare earth elements in parts of the Deccan Plateau.
- Energy Security: River basins within the Deccan Trap region contain significant oil and natural gas reserves.
Challenges in Exploitation
- Social Issues: Mining projects often lead to the displacement of tribal communities.
- Administrative Hurdles: Red tapism and regulatory delays slow down sustainable development.
- Environmental Degradation: Mining poses threats to ecologically fragile zones, particularly in the Western Ghats.
- Capital Constraints: A lack of private sector investment and modern technology limits efficient resource extraction.
Conclusion
Overall, the Deccan Traps hold vast resource potential crucial to India's economy. A balanced, sustainable policy framework is required to exploit these resources while safeguarding the environment and local communities.
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