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Question No. 38Interactive Test Mode
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Q38. In the context of hereditary diseases, consider the following statements: 1. Passing on mitochondrial diseases from parent to child can be prevented by mitochondrial replacement therapy either before or after in vitro fertilization of the egg. 2. A child inherits mitochondrial diseases entirely from mother and not from father. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

In the context of hereditary diseases, consider the following statements:

  1. Passing on mitochondrial diseases from parent to child can be prevented by mitochondrial replacement therapy either before or after in vitro fertilization of the egg.
  2. A child inherits mitochondrial diseases entirely from mother and not from father. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Select the correct option below (or cross out options to eliminate)

Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution

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Official UPSC Answer KeyUPSC Prelims 2021 • Science and Technology

Correct Answer: Option (C) — Both 1 and 2

Concept & Option Breakdown

Standard Reference Verified

Statement 1 is correct: Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy (MRT) can prevent transmission of mitochondrial diseases using techniques like Spindle Transfer (before fertilization) or Pronuclear Transfer (after in vitro fertilization). Statement 2 is correct: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited strictly maternally because sperm mitochondria are degraded post-fertilization, meaning mitochondrial genetic disorders are passed exclusively from mothers.

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Question Specifications & Syllabus Mapping

Examination & YearUPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2021 (Q38)
Paper & Marking SchemeGS Paper I • 2 Marks (-0.66 Negative for incorrect response)
Syllabus Subject & TopicScience and Technology → Health & Medicine
Official Answer KeyOption (C) — Both 1 and 2

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Frequently Asked Questions — UPSC Prelims 2021 Q38

What is the official answer for UPSC Prelims 2021 GS Paper I Question 38 (Science and Technology)?

The official UPSC answer key for this 2021 Science and Technology (Health & Medicine) question is Option (C): "Both 1 and 2". Correct attempts carry 2 Marks with -0.66 Negative penalty for wrong answers.

Which UPSC Prelims syllabus topic does this 2021 question belong to?

This question belongs to GS Paper I under the subject "Science and Technology" and micro-topic "Health & Medicine". You can explore all repeated questions from Health & Medicine in Acme AI's 3D Prelims PYQ Realm or practice 50 full-length and sectional tests in the APT Prelims Test Series.

How can I solve this Health & Medicine UPSC Prelims question using option elimination?

To solve Health & Medicine questions in UPSC Prelims, identify extreme modifiers, verify core NCERT conceptual definitions, and eliminate mutually contradictory statement pairs before locking your final option.

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