Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (D) — Neither 1 nor 2
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is incorrect: The fundamental frequency of an air column is inversely proportional to its length (f = v / 2L for open pipes). Therefore, a shorter flute produces a higher pitch/frequency, not a lower frequency. Statement 2 is incorrect: Solids such as rocks have both bulk modulus and shear modulus, allowing seismic/sound vibrations to travel as both longitudinal waves (P-waves) and transverse/shear waves (S-waves).
Watch out for the extreme qualifier 'only' in statement 2. Solids support both longitudinal and transverse wave propagation.
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