Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (A) — 1 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is correct: Hydrogels possess porous 3D cross-linked hydrophilic polymer networks capable of releasing encapsulated drugs at controlled rates in response to physiological stimuli (pH, temperature). Statements 2 and 3 are incorrect: Hydrogels are not standard working components of mobile air conditioning systems (which rely on vapor-compression cycles with chemical refrigerants) nor are they conventional bases for industrial machine lubricants (which use petroleum oils, synthetic fluids, and greases). (Note: As per the official UPSC answer key, option (a) is the correct answer).
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