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Question No. 103Interactive Test Mode
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Q103. In the context of proposals to the use of hydrogen-enriched CNG (H-CNG) as fuel for buses in public transport, consider the following statements: 1. The main advantage of the use of H-CNG is the elimination of carbon monoxide emissions. 2. H-CNG as fuel reduces carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emissions. 3. Hydrogen up to one-fifth by volume can be blended with CNG as fuel for buses. 4. H-CNG makes the fuel less expensive than CNG. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

In the context of proposals to the use of hydrogen-enriched CNG (H-CNG) as fuel for buses in public transport, consider the following statements:

  1. The main advantage of the use of H-CNG is the elimination of carbon monoxide emissions.
  2. H-CNG as fuel reduces carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emissions.
  3. Hydrogen up to one-fifth by volume can be blended with CNG as fuel for buses.
  4. H-CNG makes the fuel less expensive than CNG. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Select the correct option below (or cross out options to eliminate)

Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution

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Click any option above to test yourself under exam conditions, or reveal the explanation directly.

Official UPSC Answer KeyUPSC Prelims 2019 • Environment and Ecology

Correct Answer: Option (B) — 2 and 3 only

Concept & Option Breakdown

Standard Reference Verified

Statement 1 is incorrect: H-CNG significantly reduces carbon monoxide (CO) emissions (up to 70%), but does not completely eliminate them.

Statement 2 is correct: Blending hydrogen with CNG enhances combustion efficiency, thereby lowering CO₂ and unburnt hydrocarbon emissions.

Statement 3 is correct: Typically, an optimal blending level of around 18% to 20% (up to one-fifth by volume) of hydrogen with CNG is recommended without requiring major engine modifications.

Statement 4 is incorrect: Due to the high cost of hydrogen production and blending infrastructure, H-CNG is currently more expensive than standard CNG.

Elimination Heuristic & Exam Approach

Absolute terms like 'elimination' in technical statements are almost always false compared to nuanced terms like 'reduces'. Eliminating statement 1 leaves (b) and (c).

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Question Specifications & Syllabus Mapping

Examination & YearUPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2019 (Q103)
Paper & Marking SchemeGS Paper I • 2 Marks (-0.66 Negative for incorrect response)
Syllabus Subject & TopicEnvironment and Ecology → Climate Change & Global Warming
Official Answer KeyOption (B) — 2 and 3 only

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Frequently Asked Questions — UPSC Prelims 2019 Q103

What is the official answer for UPSC Prelims 2019 GS Paper I Question 103 (Environment and Ecology)?

The official UPSC answer key for this 2019 Environment and Ecology (Climate Change & Global Warming) question is Option (B): "2 and 3 only". Correct attempts carry 2 Marks with -0.66 Negative penalty for wrong answers.

Which UPSC Prelims syllabus topic does this 2019 question belong to?

This question belongs to GS Paper I under the subject "Environment and Ecology" and micro-topic "Climate Change & Global Warming". You can explore all repeated questions from Climate Change & Global Warming in Acme AI's 3D Prelims PYQ Realm or practice 50 full-length and sectional tests in the APT Prelims Test Series.

How can I solve this Climate Change & Global Warming UPSC Prelims question using option elimination?

Absolute terms like 'elimination' in technical statements are almost always false compared to nuanced terms like 'reduces'. Eliminating statement 1 leaves (b) and (c).

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