Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (C) — 1 and 3 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is correct: Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) pass electric discharge through mercury vapor to emit UV light which excites internal phosphor coatings. LEDs emit light via electroluminescence in solid-state semiconductor p-n junctions. Statement 2 is incorrect: LED lamps possess a vastly longer operating lifespan (25,000–50,000 hours) compared to CFLs (typically 6,000–10,000 hours). Statement 3 is correct: LEDs convert a higher percentage of electrical energy into visible light with minimal heat dissipation, making them significantly more energy-efficient than CFLs.
LED technology is superior to CFL in both lifespan and energy efficiency, making statement 2 false.
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