Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (A) — 1 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is correct: Hot tropical deserts (such as the Sahara, Atacama, Namib, and Great Australian Desert) are located between 15° and 30° latitudes on the western margins of continents in the trade wind belt. The trade winds blow offshore here (losing their moisture over the landmass), reinforced by subsiding air in subtropical high-pressure cells and cold ocean currents along the west coasts.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The Eastern Himalayan region receives heavy precipitation primarily from the Bay of Bengal branch of the Southwest Monsoon (summer monsoon) due to orographic uplift, not from the Northeast winds (which are dry continental winter winds).
Trade winds are easterlies, meaning they blow from east to west; they shed moisture on eastern coasts and arrive completely dry on western continental margins, causing tropical deserts there.
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