Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (B) — 1 and 2 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference Verified• 1 is a hotspot: The Eastern Himalayas (part of the Himalaya Hotspot) is one of the recognized global biodiversity hotspots. • 2 is a hotspot: The Mediterranean Basin (which includes the Eastern Mediterranean region) is recognized as a global biodiversity hotspot. • 3 is not a hotspot: In Australia, Southwestern Australia (and the Forests of East Australia) are designated biodiversity hotspots, not Northwestern Australia.
In Australia, only the Southwest botanical province (and Eastern forests) qualifies as a biodiversity hotspot due to extreme endemic flora; the arid Northwest is not one.
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