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Question No. 28Interactive Test Mode
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Q28. Consider the following statements: 1. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature above the boiling point of water. 2. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature below the freezing point of water. 3. Some microorganisms can grow in a highly acidic environment with a pH below 3. How many of the above statements are correct?

Consider the following statements:

  1. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature above the boiling point of water.
  2. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature below the freezing point of water.
  3. Some microorganisms can grow in a highly acidic environment with a pH below 3. How many of the above statements are correct?
Select the correct option below (or cross out options to eliminate)

Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution

Ready to check the official UPSC Answer Key?

Click any option above to test yourself under exam conditions, or reveal the explanation directly.

Official UPSC Answer KeyUPSC Prelims 2023 • Environment and Ecology

Correct Answer: Option (C) — All three

Concept & Option Breakdown

Standard Reference Verified

Statement 1 is correct: Hyperthermophilic archaea and bacteria (e.g., Pyrolobus fumarii, Methanopyrus kandleri) thrive at temperatures exceeding 100°C near deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Statement 2 is correct: Psychrophilic microorganisms (e.g., Colwellia, Planococcus) remain active in sub-zero environments such as polar ice and permafrost at temperatures below 0°C. Statement 3 is correct: Extreme acidophiles (e.g., Picrophilus oshimae, Ferroplasma acidarmanus) grow optimally at pH levels below 2 or 3.

Elimination Heuristic & Exam Approach

Universal possibility rule: Statements using the non-committal qualifier 'Some' are almost invariably correct in biology due to the existence of extremophiles.

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Question Specifications & Syllabus Mapping

Examination & YearUPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2023 (Q28)
Paper & Marking SchemeGS Paper I • 2 Marks (-0.66 Negative for incorrect response)
Syllabus Subject & TopicEnvironment and Ecology → Biodiversity & Conservation
Official Answer KeyOption (C) — All three

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Frequently Asked Questions — UPSC Prelims 2023 Q28

What is the official answer for UPSC Prelims 2023 GS Paper I Question 28 (Environment and Ecology)?

The official UPSC answer key for this 2023 Environment and Ecology (Biodiversity & Conservation) question is Option (C): "All three". Correct attempts carry 2 Marks with -0.66 Negative penalty for wrong answers.

Which UPSC Prelims syllabus topic does this 2023 question belong to?

This question belongs to GS Paper I under the subject "Environment and Ecology" and micro-topic "Biodiversity & Conservation". You can explore all repeated questions from Biodiversity & Conservation in Acme AI's 3D Prelims PYQ Realm or practice 50 full-length and sectional tests in the APT Prelims Test Series.

How can I solve this Biodiversity & Conservation UPSC Prelims question using option elimination?

Universal possibility rule: Statements using the noncommittal qualifier 'Some' are almost invariably correct in biology due to the existence of extremophiles.

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