Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (D) — 3 and 4 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference Verified- Kosala (3) and Magadha (4) were directly associated with the life of the Buddha. He was born in Lumbini (under Kosalan sphere), attained enlightenment in Bodh Gaya (Magadha), preached extensively in Sravasti (Kosala) and Rajgir (Magadha), and was patronized by King Prasenajit of Kosala and King Bimbisara/Ajatasatru of Magadha.
- Avanti (1) and Gandhara (2) were never visited by Gautama Buddha in person during his lifetime, though Mahakaccana preached in Avanti and Buddhism later spread there.
Gandhara is in the extreme northwest (Taxila/Peshawar), far beyond the central Gangetic plains where the Buddha lived and preached.
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