Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (B) — 1 and 3 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedPair 1 is correctly matched: Parivrajaka refers to a wandering ascetic or renunciant who has abandoned home life to seek truth. Pair 2 is incorrectly matched: Shramana refers to ascetics/strivers outside the orthodox Brahmanical system (such as Buddhists, Jains, and Ajivikas) who opposed the priestly ritual hierarchy. Pair 3 is correctly matched: Upasaka (male) and Upasika (female) were the formal terms for lay followers and householders supporting the Buddhist Sangha without taking full monastic ordination.
The Shramana movement was anti-priestly and non-Vedic, directly contradicting 'Priest with a high status'. Eliminating pair 2 yields (b).
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