Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (B) — 2 and 3 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is incorrect: The Sthaviravadins (Theravadins) belonged to early Nikaya/Hinayana Buddhism following the initial schism at the Second Council, not Mahayana. Statement 2 is correct: The Lokottaravadins were an offshoot of the Mahasanghika school who believed that the Buddha was supra-mundane (lokottara) and transcendent. Statement 3 is correct: The Mahasanghika concepts of the transcendental nature of the Buddha and the Bodhisattva ideal laid the ideological and devotional groundwork for the rise of Mahayana Buddhism.
Sthaviravada is the root of Theravada (Hinayana), not Mahayana. Eliminating statement 1 leaves option (b) as the only possible answer.
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