Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (D) — The mountain areas account for about thirty percent of the surface area of the country.
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference Verified- Option (d) is not correct: Mountains (including hills) account for about 18.6% of India's land area, while plains make up about 43.2% and plateaus cover about 27.7%. Mountainous regions strictly cover only about 10.7% (or ~29.3% if combined with all hills and rugged terrain, but pure mountain areas do not account for 30%).
- Option (a) is correct: Substantial portions of India (Western Ghats, North-East, eastern plains) receive >750 mm rainfall annually.
- Option (b) is correct: Wells and tube-wells are the largest source of irrigation in India, accounting for over 60% of net irrigated area.
- Option (c) is correct: Alluvial soils formed by the deposition of the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra river systems cover the northern plains.
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