Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (D) — 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStem cutting is a vegetative propagation technique where a portion of a stem containing nodes and buds is cut and rooted:
- Bougainvillea: Readily multiplied through hardwood or semi-hardwood stem cuttings.
- Carnations: Commercially propagated via terminal stem cuttings taken from healthy side shoots.
- Cocoa (Theobroma cacao): Propagated clonally using semi-hardwood stem cuttings to preserve elite genotypes.
- Grapes (Vitis vinifera): Standard commercial propagation is via dormant hardwood stem cuttings.
All four are commercial horticultural/cash crops where vegetative propagation via stem cuttings is standard practice to preserve cultivar genetics.
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