Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (C) — 1 and 3 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is correct: National Parks are notified under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, and any alteration of their boundaries requires a resolution passed by the State Legislature (and recommendation from the National Board for Wildlife).
Statement 2 is incorrect: Biosphere Reserves are designed to conserve entire ecosystems and overall landscape biodiversity in an integrated manner (including human communities in buffer/transition zones), not just a few specific species.
Statement 3 is correct: In a Wildlife Sanctuary, certain limited human activities and traditional rights (like regulated grazing or minor forest produce collection) may be permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden, unlike in National Parks.
Biosphere reserves take a holistic, whole-ecosystem approach rather than a single-species focus, making statement 2 clearly false.
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