Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (B) — 2 and 3
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is incorrect: The Public Account of India (Article 266(2)) comprises money held in trust by the government (provident funds, savings deposits, judicial deposits). Since the government acts as a custodian/banker, disbursements do not require a parliamentary vote/appropriation.
Statement 2 is correct: Under Articles 266(1), 266(2), and 267(2), the Constitution provides for a Consolidated Fund, a Public Account, and a Contingency Fund for each State as well.
Statement 3 is correct: When the Railway Budget was presented separately (until 2017), its appropriations and disbursements were governed by the same constitutional provisions and parliamentary scrutiny as the General Budget.
Public Account disbursements are executive actions and do not require parliamentary vote, unlike the Consolidated Fund.
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