Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (C) — A is true but R is false
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedAssertion (A) is true: Fiscal deficit includes total borrowings (from market, RBI, and external sources) to meet total expenditure, making it substantially larger than the budgetary deficit.
Reason (R) is false: Fiscal deficit is not merely borrowings from the Reserve Bank of India and liabilities; it is formally defined as the excess of total expenditure over non-debt receipts (revenue receipts + recoveries of loans + non-debt capital receipts).
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