Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (B) — 2 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is incorrect: GIAHS focuses on safeguarding and promoting traditional agricultural systems and biodiversity-friendly knowledge, rather than replacing them with modern high-productivity commercial farming methods.
Statement 2 is correct: The core objective of the GIAHS initiative is to identify, support, and safeguard traditional agricultural systems, their landscapes, agricultural biodiversity, and indigenous knowledge systems.
Statement 3 is incorrect: GIAHS recognition by the FAO does not automatically confer Geographical Indication (GI) status; GI is an intellectual property right governed by national laws and the WTO TRIPS agreement.
Extreme Modifier Trap: Words like 'greatly enhance' (modernization focus in a heritage conservation project) and 'all the varieties' are typical extreme indicators of false statements in UPSC questions.
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