Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (C) — 3 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is incorrect: The Barabar and Nagarjuni caves in Bihar (3rd century BCE, Mauryan period) are the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India. The Badami cave temples date to the 6th century CE under the Chalukyas.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The Barabar rock-cut caves were dedicated to the Ajivika sect by the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka and his grandson Dasharatha, not by Chandragupta Maurya.
Statement 3 is correct: The rock-cut cave complex at Ellora encompasses monuments belonging to three distinct religions: Buddhist (Caves 1–12), Hindu (Caves 13–29), and Jain (Caves 30–34).
Barabar caves are famously linked with Ashoka's edicts dedicating them to the Ajivikas, ruling out Chandragupta Maurya.
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