Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (D) — 1, 2, 3 and 4
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedAll four are major sources of methane (CH₄):
- Flooded paddy/rice fields generate methane via anaerobic methanogenesis in waterlogged soils.
- Coal mining releases trapped coalbed methane (fugitive emissions).
- Domestic ruminant animals emit methane via enteric fermentation during digestion.
- Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane on Earth due to anaerobic microbial decomposition.
Methane generation occurs in any anoxic/anaerobic organic environment (wetlands, rice paddies, ruminant guts) as well as fossil fuel extraction (coal seams, oil & gas).
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