Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (A) — 1 and 2 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference Verified- Statement 1 is correct: Rate hikes (tight monetary policy) by the US Fed make US assets more lucrative, prompting foreign investors to pull capital out of emerging markets (capital flight) back into the US.
- Statement 2 is correct: Capital flight causes depreciation of the domestic currency. Firms holding foreign-currency-denominated ECBs will need more domestic currency to service their foreign debt, increasing their effective borrowing/interest costs.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: Devaluation/depreciation of the domestic currency increases (rather than decreases) the currency risk and repayment burden for domestic firms with unhedged foreign debt obligations.
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