Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (B) — 2 and 3 only
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedStatement 1 is incorrect: When inflation is high, the RBI aims to suck out surplus liquidity from the economy by selling government securities (OMOs), not buying them (buying injects more cash). Statement 2 is correct: To arrest sharp rupee depreciation, the RBI sells dollars from its foreign exchange reserves, absorbing rupee liquidity and defending the exchange rate. Statement 3 is correct: Falling interest rates in advanced economies (US/EU) drive foreign capital inflows into emerging markets like India, appreciating the rupee. To curb excessive appreciation and maintain export competitiveness, the RBI buys excess dollars from the market.
Buying G-Secs injects liquidity and increases money supply, which would aggravate high inflation instead of controlling it. Statement 1 is economically inconsistent and easily eliminated.
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