Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (C) — A is true but R is false
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedAssertion (A) is true: The early Moderate nationalists consisted primarily of Western-educated urban elites (lawyers, journalists, professionals) and failed to mobilize the rural and working-class masses, leading to a narrow social base. Reason (R) is false: The Moderates did not fight merely for their own narrow, selfish group interests; they advocated for national causes, economic welfare of India (e.g., Dadabhai Naoroji's Drain Theory), reduction of land revenue, and broader civil rights.
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