Official Answer Key & Detailed Solution
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Correct Answer: Option (C) — A is true but R is false
Concept & Option Breakdown
Standard Reference VerifiedAssertion (A) is true: Density of iron ($\approx 7.8\text{ g/cm}^3$) is greater than density of water ($1\text{ g/cm}^3$) so it sinks in water, but is lower than density of mercury ($\approx 13.6\text{ g/cm}^3$) so it floats on mercury. Reason (R) is false: Specific gravity of iron (7.8) is significantly lower than that of mercury (13.6).
An object only floats on a liquid if its specific gravity is LESS than that of the liquid.
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